The system’s cost of energy was estimated as 0.0372 $/kWh, and the capital cost was $ 150,887. The proposed system has a simple payback period of 9.8 years.
#JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCE SOFTWARE#
Thus, the HOMER software was employed to design, optimize, and analyze a solar-battery-grid-connected energy system. Additionally, an alternative energy system was also suggested. The study also suggested behavior change towards energy saving. The proposed system saved up to 33.46% of energy. The current energy consumption was determined and compared with the proposed energy consumption after replacing some equipment.
#JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCE SERIES#
The study employed a mixed method research which involved a series of surveys, observation, data collection, and analysis. In this paper, electric energy audit was conducted for a commercial building in Mchinji, Malawi, in order to identify energy-saving opportunities. However, energy consumption and energy conservation studies have been neglected to help overcome this problem. Sylvester William Chisale | Patrick ManganiĮnergy situation in Malawi is continuing facing critical challenges to satisfy the existing demand. Measurements of correlations between fluctuations at different sites along with a model for high densities of solar facilities are applied to allow the impact of multiple systems on a single feeder to be taken into account while maintaining the simplicity of a single screening threshold. This approach is based on both the newer flicker perception limits in IEEE 1453-2015 and the previous limits derived from the flicker curves in IEEE 519-1992 and is consistent with recent draft recommendations from the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) for use in New York. Using measurements from solar irradiance meters and customer-sited monitoring equipment for residential and light commercial solar systems in Central New York along with data from the Measurement and Instrumentation Data Centers at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Elizabeth City State University, and Bluefield College, we present multiple lines of support for the adoption of a flicker screening threshold equivalent to a 5% change in voltage resulting from a full-on to full-off transition of a solar facility. This paper presents new evidence supporting the development of a screening threshold to evaluate the impact aggregations of solar PV facilities in the northeastern United States can have on voltage deviations in the distribution grid (often called flicker). The gradual decrease of wind power over the years calls for attention. The strong correlation between the site wind profiles proves data reliability. The region is shown as marginal on extrapolation to 30 m for wind energy generation hence adequate for nongrid connected electrical and mechanical applications. Wind speeds at the site are noted to be decreasing over the years. By a narrow margin, Rayleigh proves to be a better method over Weibull in predicting wind power density in the region. The wind power density of the region was found to be 29 W/m 2. From the six months’ experiments, averages of wind speeds at hub heights of 10 m were calculated and found to be 1.7 m/s, 2.4 m/s, and 1.3 m/s, for Ikobe, Kisii University, and Nyamecheo stations, respectively. The wind speed frequency distribution at the height of 10 m was found to be 2.9 ms -1 with a standard deviation of 1.5. Also, the method of measure, correlate, and predict was adopted to check for the reliability of the data used. To verify the models, statistical tools of Chi square, RMSE, MBE, and correlational coefficient were applied. The analysis included daily wind data which was grouped into discrete data and then calculated to represent the mean wind speed, diurnal variations, daily variations, and monthly variations. Wind speeds were analyzed and characterized in the short term and then simulated for a long-term measured hourly series data of daily wind speeds at a height of 10 m. In this research, Weibull and Rayleigh models are adopted. Though wind stands a chance to solve this problem, the lack of adequate site profiles, long-term behavioural information, and specific data information that enables informed choice on site selection, turbine selection, and expected power output has remained a challenge to its exploitation. However, the realization of their benefits is faced with challenges. Consequently, countries are being forced to seek potential alternative sources of energy such as wind, solar, and photovoltaic among many others. Global warming is a growing threat in the world today mainly due to the emission of CO 2 caused by the burning of fossil fuel.